Animal Fat / Shortening
Solid animal fat used for frying and baking; lard from pork is unconditionally haram.
Why this is a critical point
"Shortening" or "animal fat" on a label can come from cattle or sheep (halal if slaughtered correctly) or from pigs (lard, unconditionally haram). Imported goods and factory-made pastries and fried snacks often use it because it is cheaper than vegetable oil.
Halal alternative
Palm oil, coconut oil, vegetable margarine, or shortening from halal-certified beef fat.